Computer Science

Understanding the Windows Experience Index

2009-01-27T21:55:00.001+01:00

WEI scores currently range from 1 to 5.9. Your computer is rated with an overall score, called the base score, and with subscores for each of five individual hardware components: processor, memory, graphics, gaming graphics, and primary hard disk. The base score is determined from the lowest of the five subscores, because your computer's performance is limited by its slowest or least-powerful

Windows Experience Index

2009-01-27T21:51:00.000+01:00

Understand and improve your computer's performance in Windows VistaBy Stephanie KriegerWhen presenting at a user group meeting last week, someone asked me if a low Windows Experience Index (WEI) score of 1 or 2 means that he should not use Windows Vista on that computer. The answer is "not at all."One of my favorite capabilities of Windows Vista is that it scales itself to fit your computer to

Editing Talk:Computer hardware

2009-01-27T21:46:00.000+01:00

Wikimedia Commons does not yet have a Talk page called Computer hardware. To start the page, begin typing in the box below. When you're done, press the "Save page" button. Your changes should be visible immediately. If you have created this page in the past few minutes and it has not yet appeared, it may not be visible due to a delay in updating the database. Please wait and check again later

What is Wikimedia Commons?

2009-01-27T21:45:00.000+01:00

Wikimedia Commons is a media file repository making available public domain and freely-licensed educational media content (images, sound and video clips) to all. It acts as a common repository for the various projects of the Wikimedia Foundation, but you do not need to belong to one of those projects to use media hosted here. The repository is created and maintained not by paid-for artists but by

Save on Summer Cooling Costs with a Programmable Thermostat

2009-01-27T18:25:00.000+01:00

EPA is launching an effort to help Americans save on their summer cooling bills with advice on how to properly program their thermostat. When used correctly, ENERGY STAR qualified programmable thermostats can save money on energy bills and help fight global warming by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. If consumers manage their heating and cooling schedules accordingly, a programmable thermostat

Monitors

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ENERGY STAR qualified computer monitors use from 25–60% less electricity than standard models, depending on how they are used. Earning the ENERGY STAR Computer monitors must meet stringent requirements in On, Sleep, and Off Modes in order to earn the ENERGY STAR. In On Mode, the maximum allowed power varies based on the computer monitor’s resolution.In Sleep Mode, computer

Sample Language: Explain relationship with ENERGY STAR

2009-01-27T18:23:00.000+01:00

RETAILER/MANUFACTURER PARTNERS: [Company name] is proud to offer our customers products with the ENERGY STAR label.UTILITY/STATE PARTNERS: [Organization name] is a proud partner of ENERGY STAR. OR [organization name] proudly promotes ENERGY STAR.COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL PARTNERS: [Company name] is committed to continually improving our management of energy resources, which reduces both

ENERGY STAR Web Linking Policy

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ENERGY STAR will provide a hyperlink to a partner's Web site only if the following guidelines are met. Partners who choose not to comply with the guidelines will remain listed on the ENERGY STAR Web site. Web Linking Policy: Requirements The ENERGY STAR name and logo (both used in compliance with the ENERGY STAR Identity Guidelines) along with a brief introduction of ENERGY STAR (see sample

Office Equipment

2009-01-27T18:22:00.001+01:00

If every home office product purchased in the U.S. this year were ENERGY STAR qualified, Americans would save $200 million in annual energy costs while preventing almost 3 billion pounds of greenhouse gases – equivalent to the emissions of 250,000 cars. Office Equipment that has earned the ENERGY STAR helps save energy through special energy-efficient designs, which allow them to use

Earning the Government's

2009-01-27T18:19:00.000+01:00

Since computers are in use more hours per day than they used to be, power management is important to saving energy. ENERGY STAR power management features place computers (CPU, hard drive, etc.) into a low-power “sleep mode” after a designated period of inactivity. Low-power modes for computers reduce the spinning of the hard disk, which decreases power consumption. Simply hitting a key on the

Price Watch - street price search engine

2009-01-27T18:18:00.000+01:00

Offers a way to find prices on computer products (systems, CPU, memory, storage, networking, multimedia, etc.) from many manufacturers. Prices are entered by the manufacturer using a proprietary Price Watch Info-Link system. Users then see a date and time posting with each product chosen.

computer

2009-01-27T17:51:00.000+01:00

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In the January issue of Computer

2009-01-26T21:09:00.000+01:00

The continued exponential growth of computational power and data-generation sources is giving rise to a new era in information processing: data-intensive computing. In this annual Outlook issue, we examine the challenges posed by this changing paradigm, featuring articles on grid-computing infrastructures; advances in biochemical computation; and sensor networks monitoring environments, systems,

computrer servise

2009-01-26T21:08:00.000+01:00

Sometimes small size means small performance—but not with the Gateway UC Series Notebooks, which are a simple joy to use. Unlike some portables that cramp your productivity, Gateway's UC Series laptops come with lots of memory (up to 4GB of DDR2 RAM), giving you ample power for multitasking and multimedia. And our UC Series boasts large hard drives (up to 320GB2), so you can keep your documents,

computers

2009-01-26T21:04:00.000+01:00

Sure, the Gateway UC Series is a head turner. When you're that beautiful on the outside, you get that kind of attention. But the UC's beauty is more than case deep. It starts with the brilliant Ultrabright™ high-definition display, providing a panoramic screen experience whose vivid media playback will make your videos and movies all the more enjoyable. Powering those great 1280 x 800 visuals is

Computing

2009-01-26T21:03:00.002+01:00

For the formal concept of computation, see computation. For the magazine, see Computing (magazine). For the scientific journal, see Computing (journal). RAM (Random Access Memory) Computing is usually defined as the activity of using and developing computer technology, computer hardware and software. It is the computer-specific part of information technology. Computer science (or computing

Networking and the Internet

2009-01-26T21:03:00.001+01:00

Computers have been used to coordinate information between multiple locations since the 1950s. The U.S. military's SAGE system was the first large-scale example of such a system, which led to a number of special-purpose commercial systems like Sabre. In the 1970s, computer engineers at research institutions throughout the United States began to link their computers together using

Multiprocessing

2009-01-26T20:08:00.002+01:00

Some computers may divide their work between one or more separate CPUs, creating a multiprocessing configuration. Traditionally, this technique was utilized only in large and powerful computers such as supercomputers, mainframe computers and servers. However, multiprocessor and multi-core (multiple CPUs on a single integrated circuit) personal and laptop computers have become widely available and

Memory

2009-01-26T20:08:00.001+01:00

A computer's memory can be viewed as a list of cells into which numbers can be placed or read. Each cell has a numbered "address" and can store a single number. The computer can be instructed to "put the number 123 into the cell numbered 1357" or to "add the number that is in cell 1357 to the number that is in cell 2468 and put the answer into cell 1595". The information stored in memory may

Arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)

2009-01-26T20:07:00.001+01:00

The ALU is capable of performing two classes of operations: arithmetic and logic. The set of arithmetic operations that a particular ALU supports may be limited to adding and subtracting or might include multiplying or dividing, trigonometry functions (sine, cosine, etc) and square roots. Some can only operate on whole numbers (integers) whilst others use floating point to represent real

Example

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A traffic light showing red. Suppose a computer is being employed to drive a traffic light. A simple stored program might say: Turn off all of the lightsTurn on the red lightWait for sixty secondsTurn off the red lightTurn on the green lightWait for sixty secondsTurn off the green lightTurn on the yellow lightWait for two secondsTurn off the yellow lightJump to instruction number (2) With

Programs

2009-01-26T20:04:00.001+01:00

In practical terms, a computer program may run from just a few instructions to many millions of instructions, as in a program for a word processor or a web browser. A typical modern computer can execute billions of instructions per second (gigahertz or GHz) and rarely make a mistake over many years of operation. Large computer programs comprising several million instructions may take teams of

Stored program architecture

2009-01-26T20:02:00.000+01:00

The defining feature of modern computers which distinguishes them from all other machines is that they can be programmed. That is to say that a list of instructions (the program) can be given to the computer and it will store them and carry them out at some time in the future. In most cases, computer instructions are simple: add one number to another, move some data from one location to another,

Computer Science and Informatics Faculty lead new Pervasive Technology Centers:

2009-01-26T19:56:00.000+01:00

Indiana University President Michael McRobbie announced on Tuesday November 18th the establishment of the new Pervasive Technology Institute, part of the IU Bloomington Incubator facility. The Institute, funded with $15 million from the Lilly Endowment, will consist of three centers, the Data to Insight Center, to be headed by Prof. Beth Plale, the Digital Science Center, to be headed by Prof

Relationship with other fields

2009-01-26T19:54:00.000+01:00

Despite its name, a significant amount of computer science does not involve the study of computers themselves. Because of this, several alternative names have been proposed. Certain departments of major universities prefer the term Computing Science, to emphasize precisely that difference. Danish scientist Peter Naur suggested the term datalogy, to reflect the fact that the scientific discipline

Computer science education

2009-01-26T19:51:00.000+01:00

Some universities teach computer science as a theoretical study of computation and algorithmic reasoning. These programs often feature the theory of computation, analysis of algorithms, formal methods, concurrency theory, databases, computer graphics and systems analysis, among others. They typically also teach computer programming, but treat it as a vessel for the support of other fields of

The first digital computer

2009-01-12T23:35:00.001+01:00

Short for Atanasoff-Berry Computer, the ABC started being developed by Professor John Vincent Atanasoff and graduate student Cliff Berry in 1937 and continued to be developed until 1942 at the Iowa State College (now Iowa State University). On October 19, 1973, US Federal Judge Earl R. Larson signed his decision that the ENIAC patent by Eckert and Mauchly was invalid and

When was the first computer invented?

2009-01-12T23:33:00.002+01:00

Question: When was the first computer invented? Answer: Unfortunately this question has no easy answer because of all the different types of classifications and types of computers. Therefore this document has been created with a listing of each of the first computers starting with the first programmable computer leading up to the computers of today. Keep in

How viruses may affect files

2009-01-12T23:33:00.001+01:00

Viruses can affect any files; however, usually attack .com, .exe, .sys, .bin, .pif or any data files - Viruses have the capability of infecting any file; however, will generally infect executable files or data files, such as word or excel documents that are opened frequently and allow the virus to try infecting other files

Virus properties

2009-01-12T23:32:00.000+01:00

Below is a listing of some of the different properties a computer virus is capable of having and what the particular property is capable of doing. Keep in mind that not all viruses will have every one of these abilities. Your computer can be infected even if files are just copied. Because some viruses are memory

Virus ABCs

2009-01-12T23:31:00.000+01:00

One of the biggest fears among new computer users is being infected by a computer virus or programs designed to destroy their personal data. Viruses are malicious software programs that have been designed by other computer users to cause destruction and havoc on a computer and spread themselves to other

What is software?

2009-01-12T23:30:00.000+01:00

What is software? Software is a collection of instructions that enables a user to interact with the computer or have the computer perform specific tasks for them. Without any type of software the computer would be useless. Below is a listing of different types of software a user may have on his or her computer. For a computer to be functional, most computers will include a software operating

What is hardware?

2009-01-12T23:24:00.000+01:00

What is hardware? Hardware is best described as a device that is physically connected to your computer or something that can be physically touched. A CD-ROM, monitor, and printer are all examples of computer hardware.

Earning the Government's ENERGY STAR

2009-01-12T23:22:00.000+01:00

Desktop and notebook (laptop) computers, game consoles, integrated computer systems, desktop-derived servers and workstations are all eligible to earn the ENERGY STAR. Those that come with the label are more efficient than ever. When purchasing a new computer, be sure to look for the ENERGY STAR before making your final decision. You should be able to find the label on the products and packaging

Internet History

2009-01-12T23:20:00.000+01:00

This Internet Timeline begins in 1962, before the word ‘Internet’ is invented. The world’s 10,000 computers are primitive, although they cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. They have only a few thousand words of magnetic core memory, and programming them is far from easy

Control unit

2009-01-12T23:18:00.001+01:00

The control unit (often called a control system or central controller) directs the various components of a computer. It reads and interprets (decodes) instructions in the program one by one. The control system decodes each instruction and turns it into a series of control signals that operate the other parts of the computer.[16] Control systems in advanced computers may change the order of some

Arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)

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Memory

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Input/output (I/O)

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I/O is the means by which a computer receives information from the outside world and sends results back. Devices that provide input or output to the computer are called peripherals. On a typical personal computer, peripherals include input devices like the keyboard and mouse, and output devices such as the display and printer. Hard disk drives, floppy disk drives and optical disc drives serve as

Multitasking

2009-01-12T23:16:00.001+01:00

While a computer may be viewed as running one gigantic program stored in its main memory, in some systems it is necessary to give the appearance of running several programs simultaneously. This is achieved by having the computer switch rapidly between running each program in turn. One means by which this is done is with a special signal called an interrupt which can periodically cause the

Multiprocessing

2009-01-12T23:15:00.002+01:00

Networking and the Internet

2009-01-12T23:15:00.001+01:00

Stored program architecture

2009-01-12T23:11:00.002+01:00

History of computing

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It is difficult to identify any one device as the earliest computer, partly because the term "computer" has been subject to varying interpretations over time. Originally, the term "computer" referred to a person who performed numerical calculations (a human computer), often with the aid of a mechanical calculating device. The history of the modern computer begins with two separate technologies -

Computer

2009-01-12T23:04:00.002+01:00

A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. The first devices that resemble modern computers date to the mid-20th century (1940–1945), although the computer concept and various machines similar to computers existed earlier. Early electronic computers were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PC).[1]

Computer science education

2009-01-12T23:04:00.001+01:00

Theory of computation

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Classically, the study of the theory of computation is focused on answering fundamental questions about what can be computed, and what amount of resources are required to perform those computations. In an effort to answer the first question, computability theory examines which computational problems are solvable on various theoretical models of computation. The second question is addressed by

Fields of computer science

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As a discipline, computer science spans a range of topics from theoretical studies of algorithms and the limits of computation to the practical issues of implementing computing systems in hardware and software.[16][17] The Computer Sciences Accreditation Board (CSAB) – which is made up of representatives of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics

Major achievements

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Despite its relatively short history as a formal academic discipline, computer science has made a number of fundamental contributions to science and society. These include: Started the Digital Revolution, which led to the current Information Age and the Internet.[12]A formal definition of computation and computability, and proof that there are computationally unsolvable and intractable problems.[

History

2009-01-12T23:01:00.000+01:00

The early foundations of what would become computer science predate the invention of the modern digital computer. Machines for calculating fixed numerical tasks, such as the abacus, have existed since antiquity. Wilhelm Schickard built the first mechanical calculator in 1623.[6] Charles Babbage designed a difference engine in Victorian times (between 1837 and 1901)[7] helped by Ada Lovelace.[8]

Computer science

2009-01-12T22:57:00.000+01:00

Computer science (or computing science) is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation, and of practical techniques for their implementation and application in computer systems.[1][2][3]. Computer Science is frequently described as the systematic study of algorithmic processes that describe and transform information; the fundamental question underlying computer science

The Computer Brain

2009-01-07T17:16:00.002+01:00

The computer brain includes the motherboard, CPU, ROM, RAM, BIOS and GPU. Learn about the computer brain that processes all your data and programs... Graphics Processing UnitsWhile we group graphics cards with the "guts" of a computer, some have their own microprocessors called a...

Cloud Computing Applications

2009-01-07T17:16:00.001+01:00

Cloud computing applications are virtually limitless, thanks to the way cloud computing is set up. Find out about the applications of cloud computing... The applications of cloud computing are practically limitless. With the right middleware, a cloud computing system could execute all the programs a...

What's inside my computer?

2009-01-07T17:15:00.000+01:00

Inside a computer there are many parts that work together to make it process data. Find out more about what's inside a computer... Computer Hardware Pictures�2008 HowStuffWorksWe don't recommend you do this to your own laptop. See more computer hardware pictures.Some people...

Shared Computing Architecture

2009-01-07T17:14:00.001+01:00

Shared computing architecture uses fewer control points than other high-performance systems. Learn how shared computing architecture is assembled... Unlike grid computing systems -- which in theory can have as many network interface points as there are users -- a shared computing system usually...

How Computer Addiction Works

2009-01-07T17:13:00.004+01:00

Computer addiction is a new form of addiction in which the user cannot pull themselves away from computer activities. Learn about computer addiction... John Foxx/Stockbyte/Getty ImagesIs computer addiction "real," like alcohol and nicotine addiction?Obsessively checking e-mail. Playing...

Concerns About Shared Computing

2009-01-07T17:13:00.003+01:00

From How Shared Computing Works Shared computing concerns include privacy breaches and the chance your machine could become a zombie computer. Learn about shared computing concerns... Any time a system allows one computer access to another computer's resources, questions come up about safety and privacy. What stops the

Shared Computing Applications

2009-01-07T17:13:00.001+01:00

From How Shared Computing Works Shared computing applications attempt to find life on other planets and find cures for disease. Find out about different shared computing.. There are dozens of active shared computing system projects, each with its own networks and computational tasks. Some of these networks overlap...

Introduction to How Shared Computing Works

2009-01-07T17:12:00.000+01:00

Shared computing pools the processing power of computers to reach a common goal. Learn about shared computing, its benefits and drawbacks... to just gather a group of average-sized people. It might sound strange, but shared computer systems use the same principle.In a shared computing system, a...

Virtual Computing Disadvantages and the Future

2009-01-07T16:58:00.001+01:00

Although virtual computing has existed for years, its only recently become more popular. Find out about future uses..., aerospace industry, science, higher education facilities and the military are all currently using grid computing. For more information on grid computing, read...

What's inside my computer?

2009-01-07T16:57:00.004+01:00

Inside a computer there are many parts that work together to make it process data. Find out more about what's inside a computer... in the name of science. We chose an IBM laptop computer, which not only has all the standard components you'd find in most computers, but also arranges them...

Introduction to How Cloud Computing Works

2009-01-07T16:57:00.003+01:00

Cloud computing lets you use files and applications over the Internet. Learn about the benefits and drawbacks to cloud computing...Although cloud computing is an emerging field of computer science, the idea has been around for a few years. It's called cloud computing because the data...

Cloud Computing Concerns

2009-01-07T16:57:00.001+01:00

Cloud computing concerns include how to maintain the security and privacy of personal information. Learn about cloud computing concerns... of research in the computer science community is autonomic computing. An autonomic computing system is self-managing, which means the system monitors itself...

Shared Computing Applications

2009-01-07T16:56:00.003+01:00

Shared computing applications attempt to find life on other planets and find cures for disease. Find out about different shared computing.. millions of dollars into computer science research, published a report in January 2008 about a project called "Kittyhawk." The goal of the project...

What is Computer Animation?

2009-01-07T16:56:00.001+01:00

Computer animation makes moving images with computers. Many TV shows, music videos, and movies are completely computer animated. Learn more inside. .. funding [source: Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science]. Their earliest films were scientific simulations with titles like "Flow of a Viscous...

DNA Computing Technology

2009-01-07T16:55:00.000+01:00

DNA computing technology was developed by Leonard Adelman in 1994. Learn about DNA computing and the first test of DNA computing technology... information about your genes. Adleman is often called the inventor of DNA computers. His article in a 1994 issue of the journal Science outlined how to use DNA...

How Brain-computer Interfaces Work

2009-01-07T16:54:00.000+01:00

Brain-computer interfaces allow you to manipulate computers and machinery with your thoughts. Learn more about brain-computer interface technology... As the power of modern computers grows alongside our understanding of the human brain, we move ever closer to making some pretty spectacular...

What's inside my computer?

2009-01-07T16:46:00.002+01:00

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Computer Issues, Using IT Consultants And Appropriate Architecture

2009-01-07T12:10:00.002+01:00

By Sean CravenplanFew things are more frustrating than dealing with computer issues in your home. Many times the fix is very simple if you just knew what to do or who to call. It is estimated that 300 million computers will become obsolete within the next three years. The toxic nature of cadmium, lead and other chemicals used in the components of computers and related peripherals presents a major

Basics Of Dual-Core Process Computer

2009-01-07T12:02:00.000+01:00

By Roberto SedyciasThe computer has been one of the most amazing and fruitful discoveries man has ever made. It has revolutionized the way man does his things. The way he eats, drinks, sleeps and even thinks. And computer itself has evolved over the years. From the Eniac I to the hand-held palmtops in executives' hands today, computer has changed with the technology. And it has changed our lives

Custom Software Development

2009-01-07T11:50:00.003+01:00

By Rakhee ChowdharyThese days IT world is facing new revolution and a noise is going on one subject named "Custom Software Development". It is not a new technology in IT field but certainly this concept has redefined the IT industry and number of specific functions within an organization. Today as the business world is transforming and getting dependent on new concepts and tools of technology,

Computer Science Schools Offer Professional Education

2009-01-07T11:04:00.001+01:00

By Michael BustamanteThe study of computer science can cover a broad spectrum of computer training, and there are many different choices when researching computer science schools. Computer courses can offer training for professional certification, as well as several levels of college degrees in computer science and computer technology. The choice is up to you.The various schools for computer

Robotics and Robo Surgery

2009-01-07T10:45:00.002+01:00

By Pauline GoRealistically, robots are mechanical device design to perform pre-defined tasks. Robotics is one of the fastest growing trends worldwide. The introduction of robots as a substitute to human being in different fields is quite successful. The reason for growing trend of robotics is quite obvious because this area is getting tremendous boost from NASA. Looking at the vast possibilities

Artificial Intelligence - Where Are We Today?

2009-01-07T10:33:00.001+01:00

By Lance WinslowIndeed, we hear a lot about Artificial Intelligence these days, but few people really understand what artificial intelligence really is. Even more confusing to newcomers and novices is that many folks that are in the artificial intelligence field debate its definition. Still compounding the issue is when commercial ventures begin touting their technologies as artificially